Mercury Watch

Mercury

Watch

Charting the improvement of artisanal small-scale gold mining

ASM = Artisanal and Small Scale Gold Mining; All figures in metric tonnes.

Country	ASM_Presence	Min ASM Mercury	Max ASM Mercury	Mean ASM Mercury	Year	Chlor-alk Plants	Year	Mercury Exported	Year	Mercury Imported	Year	Gold Exported	Year	Gold Imported	Year
Afghanistan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010
Albania		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	6.187	1996	0.02	2010	0.019	2011	0.006	2011
Algeria		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	5.416	2011	0.005	2011	0.016	2011	0.001	2011
American Samoa		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Andorra		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.003	1997	0.021	2004	0.357	2004
Angola		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010
Anguilla		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Antigua and Barbuda		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010					0.008	2007	0.017	2011
Argentina		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	4	2010	0.001	2011	11.156	2011	209.325	2011	4.243	2011
Armenia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.005	2003	2.33	2012	1.377	2012
Aruba		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.005	2009	0.681	2012	0.011	2012
Australia	APLA (2010)	0.000	2.000	1.000	2010	0	2010	0.325	2012	33.749	2012	317.003	2012	144.846	2012
Austria		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.003	2011	0.478	2011	25.197	2011	64.591	2011
Azerbaijan	?	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	1	2010			0	2010			0.015	2012
Bahamas		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.298	2006	3.032	2010	11.399	2011
Bahrain		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.003	2011	0.008	2007	0.006	2011
Bangladesh		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010			30.1	2007			0.7	2007
Barbados		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.006	2008	0.009	2011	0.052	2012	0.004	2012
Belarus		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	2.089	2010	0.054	2011	0.003	2001	0.007	2001
Belgium		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	3	2010	8.98	2012	0.505	2012	42.623	2012	34.048	2012
Belize		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2005	0.02	2011	0	2010
Benin	Yager et al (2002)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.205	2007	0.536	2006	0.001	2001
Bhutan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.018	2011			0.001	2009
Bolivia	Graham (2002); Hentschel et al. (2002); Telmer and Persaud (2012); Gov of Bolivia (2012)	85.000	150.000	120.000	2010	0	2010	0.024	1998	8.029	2011	1.802	2011	0.476	2011
Bosnia Herzegovina		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	3	2010	2.2	2007	0.005	2010	0.105	2012	0.036	2012
Botswana	Madawo (2007)	0.500	1.000	0.800	2010	0	2010	0.015	2010	0.008	2012	1.557	2012	0.021	2012
Brazil	Blore (2007); Veiga (1997)	30.000	60.000	45.000	2010	4	2010	9.317	2011	27.048	2012	51.57	2012	0.553	2012
Brunei Darussalam		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.005	2004	0.002	2006			0.007	2006
Bulgaria		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.12	2006	0.003	2011	0.516	2011	1.596	2011
Burkina Faso	Telmer and Stapper (2011); Hiyate (2008); Saywell (2008); ILO (1999)	28.000	52.700	35.100	2010	0	2010			3.016	2011	40.944	2011	0.172	2011
Burundi	Cumming (1997) ; Priester and Hentschel (1992)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.458	2007	0.313	2010	0.028	2000
Cambodia	Sotham (2001)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010			0.015	2001	2.763	2009	2.02	2011
Cameroon	?	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.051	2009	0.001	2010	0.004	2011	0.43	2011
Canada	Basque (1991)	0.000	2.000	1.000	2010	0	2010	100.381	2012	4.77	2012	291.723	2012	343.56	2012
Cape Verde		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.002	2005	0.005	2010			0.003	2012
Central African Rep.		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.019	2000	20.875	2011	4.312	2006
Chad	Mobbs (1996)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.002	1995			0	1995
Chile	Castro and Sanchez (2003)	3.000	5.000	4.000	2010	0	2010	87.618	2011	1.036	2011	30.831	2011	0.03	2011
China	Saywell (2007); Gunson and Veiga (2004)	237.000	652.000	444.500	2010	3	2010	0.03	2004	0.853	2011	0.563	1998	76.239	1998
China, Hong Kong SAR		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	489.428	2012	347.788	2012	1575.96	2012	962.174	2012
Colombia	Harris (2006); Lacerda (2003); Veiga 2011; Gov of Colombia (2012)	100.000	200.000	180.000	2010	1	2010	0.001	2009	84.028	2011	66.52	2011	0.008	2011
Comoros		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0	2006
Congo		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Cook Isds		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010					0	2005	0.002	2007
Costa Rica	Northern Miner (1998, v 84, no. 17); Veiga (1997)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.169	2009	0.012	2011	97.902	2011	81.486	2011
Cote Divoire	Mobbs (1998)	0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Croatia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	0.021	2012	0	2012	6.046	2012	0.011	2012
Cuba		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010			7.461	2006	0.215	2003	0.078	2006
Cyprus		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.028	1999	0.05	2011	1.203	2011	0.025	2011
Czech Rep.		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	0.239	2012	4.267	2012	7.518	2012	5.539	2012
Democratic Republic of the Congo	pers. comm (2010); World Bank, 2008; K. Hayes, 2008	0.000	30.000	15.000	2010
Denmark		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.119	2011	0.023	2011	0.983	2011	101.53	2011
Dominica		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2005			0.003	2003
Dominican Rep.	Veiga (1997)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.45	2003	0	2010	11.504	2011	3.294	2011
Ecuador	GMP Phase II Prep (UNIDO, 2010); Robertson (2006); Betancourt et al (2005)	15.000	60.000	50.000	2010	0	2010	2.449	2007	17.157	2011	4.254	2011	0.011	2010
Egypt		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			2.305	2012	29.163	2012	1.992	2012
El Salvador		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.396	2012	0.29	2012	0.001	2010
Eritrea		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Estonia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.001	2012	0.003	2012	3.016	2012	1.474	2012
Ethiopia	Labonne (2002)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.004	2011	3.119	2011	0.002	2010
Faeroe Isds		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0	2009			0.005	2009
Fiji		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.015	2009	2.021	2010	0	2010
Finland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	4.83	2011	0.036	2012	2842.49	2012	1359.553	2012
France		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	6	2010	55.128	2011	1.44	2011	45.303	2011	19.754	2011
French Guiana	FrÃ©ry et al (2001)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010			1.593	1995	2.253	1995
French Polynesia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2012	0.065	2012	0.042	2012
Gabon	Northern Miner (2003, v. 89, no. 40); Priester and Hentschel (1992)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.014	1996	0.008	2008	0.001	2003
Gambia	Dolley (1996)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0	2009	0.6	2011	0	2008
Georgia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.585	1998	0.001	2005	3.864	2012	0.043	2012
Germany		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	9	2010	107.654	2012	52.469	2012	212.879	2012	133.888	2012
Ghana	Ghana Minerals Comission, (2010); Northern Miner (2007, v. 93, no. 39); Babut et al (2003)	50.000	120.000	70.000	2010	0	2010	0.064	2009	24.503	2011	115.995	2011	0.608	2011
Greece		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	0.1	2010	1.195	2011	2.455	2011	9.111	2011
Greenland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.045	2009	0.1	2011	0.003	2010
Grenada		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.005	2008			0.115	2009
Guadeloupe		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			1.312	1995	0.01	1995	0.018	1995
Guatemala	UNEP (2005)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	0	2010	0.002	2012	0.18	2012	0.051	2012	0.051	2012
Guinea	Labonne (2002)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.002	1999	10293.394	2008
Guinea-Bissau	Dolley (1996); Bermudez-Lugo (2002)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010
Guyana	Couture and Lambert, (2003)	10.000	20.000	15.000	2010	0	2010	1.828	2003	156.29	2011	9.803	2011	0.023	2011
Haiti		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Honduras	Attenborough (1999); Veiga (1997)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.651	2006	0.401	2009	12.029	2009	0.007	2009
Hungary		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	10.6	2011	8.445	2011	2.215	2011	1.511	2011
Iceland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.029	2010	0.045	2011	0.129	2011
India	Duval (2004); Siddaiah (2001)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	10	2010	104.824	2011	187.173	2011	136.629	2011	1081.5	2011
Indonesia	Castilhos et al (2006); Telmer, 2009; YTS, 2010	150.000	200.000	175.000	2010	5	2010	19.467	2011	7.862	2011	47.762	2011	10.06	2011
Iran	?	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	4	2010	2.45	2011	42.277	2011			0	2011
Iraq		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010
Ireland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.049	2010	0.081	2012	0.895	2012	0.162	2012
Israel		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	0.308	2010	16.324	2011	3.725	2011	0.415	2011
Italy		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	5	2010	68.623	2011	15.246	2011	174.016	2011	174.352	2011
Jamaica		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.008	2010	52.385	2010	0.011	2010
Japan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	68.903	2012	0.002	2012	131.999	2012	11.156	2012
Jordan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	23.5	1994	0.057	2010	7.971	2011	0.622	2011
Kazakhstan	?	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	3.6	2012	0.361	2012	20.948	2012	0.025	2012
Kenya	Yager et al (2002)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010	5.255	2010	14.078	2010	3.433	2010	0.013	2010
Kiribati		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Kuwait		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.003	2008	12	2009	7701.539	2008
Kyrgyzstan	Appel et al (2003)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010	460.476	2004	0	2001	20.242	2011	0.031	2011
Lao Peoples Democratic Republic	Boungnaphalom (2003)	0.500	2.000	1.300	2010	0	2010
Latvia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.004	2003	0.01	2011	0.825	2012	0.286	2012
Lebanon		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.4	2011	0.05	2012	30.02	2012	24.924	2012
Lesotho	Coakley (2002)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0	2002			0	2008
Liberia	DLI (2003)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010
Lithuania		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	5.875	1998	0.002	2012	0.027	2012	0.094	2012
Luxembourg		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.003	2011	0.205	2011	82.893	2011	184.501	2011
Madagascar	Rajaobelina (2003)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	0	2010	0.002	2004	0.003	2011	31.419	2009	0	2011
Malawi	Dreschler (2001)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0	2008			0.004	2003
Malaysia	Priester and Hentschel (1992)	2.000	5.000	3.500	2010	0	2010	19.398	2012	519.53	2012	9.001	2012	53.368	2012
Maldives		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2011			0	2012
Mali	Abdoulaye Pona, Commissioner of Mines (2011); Daniel Stapper, AGC (2011) Northern Miner (2008, v93., no. 47; no. 50); MMSD (2002)	10.000	30.000	20.000	2010	0	2010	2.792	2008	0.008	2010	48.554	2010	0.093	2010
Malta		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.358	2000	0.003	2011	1.471	2011	3.697	2011
Martinique		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.022	1995	0.01	1994	0.103	1995
Mauritania	Mbendi (2004)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010					6.857	2011
Mauritius		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2012	1.001	2012	109358.777	2012
Mayotte		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.232	2009			0.005	2009
Mexico	Graham (2003); Veiga (1997)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	2	2010	261.841	2012	26.584	2012	419.448	2012	41.424	2012
Mongolia	Grayson (2007)	8.000	15.000	11.500	2010	0	2010			0.077	2001	11.576	2007	0.006	2007
Montserrat		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0.003	2005
Morocco		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	0.002	2006	7.853	2010	16.335	2010	0.024	2010
Mozambique	Spiegel et al (2006)	3.000	5.000	4.000	2010	0	2010			0	2010	2.009	2011	0	2009
Myanmar		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010			34.42	2010
Namibia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.002	2001	0.902	2011	2.694	2011	0.361	2011
Nepal		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.085	2003	5.592	2009	5.107	2011
Netherlands		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	72.02	2011	213.259	2011	50.559	2011	38.349	2011
New Caledonia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.148	2012	0.037	2012	0.069	2012
New Zealand	?	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010	0.227	2012	0.005	2012	23.144	2012	1.33	2012
Nicaragua	Attenborough (1999); Rosario and Ault (1997)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	0	2010	27.988	1993	3.882	2011	11.874	2011	0.102	2011
Niger	Alfa (2000)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			2.241	2011	1.846	2011	0.01	2006
Nigeria	Vaccaro (2006); Priester and Hentschel (1992); Telmer, 2011	10.000	30.000	20.000	2010	0	2010			0	2008			0.85	2011
Niue		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010
North Korea		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Norway		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.02	2003	0.017	2011	7.439	2011	1.22	2011
Occ. Palestinian Terr.		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010					0.09	2010	0	2011
Oman		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.808	2009	0.005	2011	16.007	2011	10.458	2011
Pakistan	Khan et al. (2012)	0.150	0.450	0.300	2010	2	2010	51.9	2008	0.098	2011			3.126	2011
Panama	Attenborough (1999)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	0	2010	82.412	2011	109.187	2011	3.26	2011	0.988	2011
Papua New Guinea	Crispin (2003); PNG Dept. Env. and Conser. (2010)	6.000	8.000	7.000	2010	0	2010			1.778	2004	67.264	2004	0	2004
Paraguay		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.052	2012	1.876	2012	0.002	2012
Peru	Brooks et al (2006); field visit (2010); pers. comm (2010)	20.000	100.000	70.000	2010	4	2010	53.469	2011	175.729	2011	350.563	2011	0.15	2011
Philippines	Israel and Asirot (2000); SAICM, 2010	50.000	90.000	70.000	2010	2	2010			5.743	2012	67.938	2012	17.083	2012
Poland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	3	2010	7.155	2011	39.874	2011	3.785	2011	2.469	2011
Portugal		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	6.752	2011	0.06	2012	17.944	2012	1.315	2012
Qatar		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.004	2004	0.004	2010	0.066	2011	3.796	2010
Rep. of Korea		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	3.349	2011	11.177	2011	63.053	2011	32.438	2011
Rep. of Moldova		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.001	2008	0.067	2012	0.052	2012
Réunion		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Romania		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	3.32	2006	19.558	2011	1.222	2006	0.435	2006
Russian Federation	Stepanov and Yusupov (2001)	7.000	15.000	11.000	2010	3	2010	2.589	2012	43.649	2012	51.619	1998	0.165	1998
Rwanda	Priester and Hentschel (1992)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.002	2012	0.007	2010	0.606	2011
Saint Kitts and Nevis		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0.006	2011
Saint Lucia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.005	2006			0.067	2006
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.006	2001	0.358	1994	0.013	2010
Samoa		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.001	2012
Sao Tome and Principe		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0.001	2004
Saudi Arabia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.004	2004	0.812	2007	13271.394	2011	36.606	2011
Senegal	Savornin et al (2007); Persaud and Telmer (2013)	7.910	14.690	11.300	2010	0	2010	0.003	1997	0.372	2010	7.892	2012	0.031	2012
Serbia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	4	2010	0.001	2009	0.402	2010	0.078	2011	0.003	2011
Serbia and Montenegro		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	65.272	2004	1.408	2004	0.015	2004	0.03	2004
Seychelles		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.002	2003			0.073	2008
Sierra Leone	Thonae (2004)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010			0.024	2002
Singapore		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	444.475	2011	567.23	2011	69.094	2011	62.072	2011
Slovakia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	0.168	2011	27.835	2011	20.456	2011	213.019	2011
Slovenia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.009	2010	0.017	2012	0.897	2012	1.372	2012
South Africa	Beales (2005); Mahlatsi and Guest (2003)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010	1.988	2012	39.551	2012	162.319	2012	0.212	2012
Spain		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	8	2010	824.425	2011	54.751	2011	9438.5	2011	46.752	2011
Sri Lanka		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.016	2008	0.495	2012	0.253	2012	3.245	2012
Sudan	Reuters (04.11.11) Abdelbagi Gailani Ahmed, Sudans Minerals Minister	50.000	70.000	60.000	2010	0	2010			13.651	2009	113.86	2009	10.756	2007
Suriname	Heemskerk (2003)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010	0.102	2011	4.398	1995	0.25	1996	0.141	1995
Swaziland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	35	2001	0.403	2007	0.016	2007	20.96	2007
Sweden		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	0.164	2011	2.47	2011	12.862	2011	2.048	2011
Switzerland		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	53.582	2011	0.471	2011	48.999	2011	12.704	2011
Taiwan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Tajikistan	Dawson (1996)	3.000	5.000	4.000	2010	0	2010
TFYR of Macedonia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	18.02	2003	0	2010	0.003	2012	0	2012
Thailand	Umbangtalad et al. (2007)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	0	2010	6.208	2012	0.383	2012	370.966	2012	305.137	2012
Timor-Leste		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0	2005
Togo	Yager et al (2002)	3.000	5.000	4.000	2010	0	2010	12.076	2011	19.809	2011	31.135	2011	10.29	2011
Tonga		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0	2010
Total		997.76	2166.84	1617.8		124		3771.593		3265.03		43477.512		124117.852
Trinidad and Tobago		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.038	2004	0	2010	0.03	2010	1.637	2010
Tunisia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.001	2009	0.061	2011	0.05	2011	0.047	2011
Turkey		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	4.392	2012	3.143	2012	252.638	2012	157.629	2012
Turkmenistan		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Turks and Caicos Isds		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010							0.011	2011
Tuvalu		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Uganda	World Bank (2003)	0.500	1.000	0.800	2010	0	2010	1.1	2007	0.1	2011	0.22	2011	0.005	2011
Ukraine		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	22.702	2012	2.088	2010	0.449	2012	7.109	2012
United Arab Emirates		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	2	2010	1.88	2008	1.963	2008	344.688	2008	523.586	2008
United Kingdom		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010	5.368	2011	0.425	2011	23.838	1999	239.083	1999
United Rep. of Tanzania	educated guess (Telmer, 2010 + ref)	30.000	60.000	45.000	2010	0	2010			1.312	2011	43.232	2011	2.151	2011
United States	Weekend Prospector (2004)	1.000	2.000	1.500	2010	5	2010	0	2008	154.995	2008	812.111	2008	263.568	2008
Uruguay		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	1	2010			0.002	2009	4.39	2009	0.003	2000
Uzbekistan	Trung (2001); Northern Miner (v. 83 no. 41, 1997)	0.050	0.500	0.300	2010	0	2010
Vanuatu		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.005	2011	0.01	2011	0.001	2007
Venezuela	Veiga et al (2005)	10.000	20.000	15.000	2010	0	2010	17.019	2003	0.002	2009	0.241	2011	0.111	2011
Viet Nam	Trung (2001); Northern Miner (v. 83 no. 41, 1997)	5.000	10.000	7.500	2010	0	2010	0.295	2011	22.645	2011	1.744	2011	56.047	2011
Wallis and Futuna Isds		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010
Yemen		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010			0.01	2010	14.971	2010	0.01	2011
Zambia		0.000	0.000	0.000	2010	0	2010	0.009	1998	0.098	2007	1.734	2011	0.034	2009
Zimbabwe	Kambani (2003); Maponga. and Ngorima (2003)	20.000	30.000	25.000	2010	0	2010			10.402	2011	8.716	2011	0.002	2011


GOLD (ozt)		SILVER (ozt)		MERCURY (lb. flask)	MERCURY (kilo)	MERCURY (ozt)	Gold:Mercury ratio
1389.70	-1.80	22.47	-0.16